Darkslot Казино

Sae’s palace is very straightforward in Persona 5. While the hallways may twist and turn, there is frequently only one path. It is broken up into a couple of different floors that you will progress through.

No matter how you feel about him as a character, Goro Akechi is an invaluable member of the Phantom Thieves throughout this dungeon. He is strong, and his Persona’s abilities are very helpful. Take him with you.

Disclaimer: This guide was originally written for Persona 5, which Atlus released stateside in If you’ve found your way to this guide and are playing Persona 5 Royal — the update with additional content that’s hitting Xbox and Switch later this year — you can still follow along. However, note that Royal did introduce changes to several parts of the game, adding grapple points and reworking certain boss encounters. So while the paths are generally the same, you may run into some inconsistencies.

If you’re looking to find Persona 5 Royal’s new Will Seeds hidden in this dungeon, use our guide on Niijima’s Palace Will Seeds of Greed locations to locate them.

Table of contents

Member’s Card

Return to the Main Floor Safe Room. Once you have fast traveled, go up the stairs and onto the balcony that held the chest from earlier. Look for a grey door on the right side of the balcony. It will be covered in posters. Enter through this door and into a small room. Exit this small room through the door across from you.

Head forward along the hall until you reach some stairs. Head down the stairs and follow the right path for a treasure chest.

Return to the stairs and follow the left path instead. Enter the next door that you come across. Once through, follow the path and look left for some machinery to climb over. Do this now.

Follow the path from here and hug the right wall. Go through the second door on your right for a chest.

Walk out of the chest room and go straight to find the Staff Passageway Safe Room.

Instead of going up the stairs and fighting the scary shadow head on, climb up the mechanical looking boxes to your right. Once you reach the top of the boxes, you will see a vent opening. Go through it.

Once out of the vent, jump down and take the door on your left. You will now be behind the scary shadow and can ambush it. You can take it down fairly easily with Wind spells. Once it falls, you will get a security keycard. This is a vital item.

Return to the previous room and go through the right door. Follow the path until you reach a gated door. Use your new keycard to open it. Once inside, crawl through the vent and emerge in the control room.

Approach the giant shadow and attack it. It will go down quickly if you use Psi abilities. He will drop a bunch of Member’s Cards. Futaba will approach the control panel and register you a new card. She will also procure a map of the floor.

Head through the vent that Ryuji finds. You will be in a small room. Use your keycard on the door to the right and return to the long hallway. Turn left up the stairs. Take the door in front of you and go up some more stairs.

Take a right off the stairs and go through the keycard door to your left. From here, return to the elevator that Sae went up. Use your keycard on the elevator and ride up to the Member’s Floor.

High Limit Card

Congratulations, you have reached the Member’s Floor. The first thing you need to do now is approach the counter in front of you. The cashier will explain the coin system and tell you what you need to do next. You need 50, coins before you can buy the next floor’s card. He will give you some starting coins and a map.

Dice Game

Before going to gamble your new coins away, take the first right from the elevator to find the Member’s Floor Safe Room. Now return to the counter and hang a left. Enter into the dice game area. You will be in a large game room. Ignore all of it for now and take a left out of the hall. Approach the vent and crawl through it.

Once you emerge out of the vent, take a right and follow the path. You will find some more climbable machines ahead of you. Climb them.

Once you cross the machine, hang right and enter a small room for a chest.

Take the left path until you reach a door. Enter through the door and head up the stairs to your right. You will now be on the second floor. Follow the second floor path until you reach another staircase. Take this staircase down and follow the path. Take a right and then a left. In front of you will be the entrance to the Dice Game Area Safe Room.

Hang a right out of the safe room and fallow the right side hall. Once you reach the door, go through it and continue along the path. Ignore the barred door for now and take two right turns. There will be a vent on the back side of the room. Crawl through it for a chest.

Continue along the hall once you leave the chest room. Take the door at the end of the hall and go left to unlock a shortcut. From the door, continue forward and enter the dice game control room. Attack the operator and use Bless skills to take him down quickly.

Once he is dead, Futaba will rig one of the game rooms. Exit into the game area through the shortcut you recently created. Approach the game room with an exclamation mark over it.

Approach the game master and bet on "Between ." Do this four times and you will gain some coins. Take your winnings and attempt to leave the dice game area. Akechi will somehow get a bunch of extra coins for your team. Leave the area and walk straight forward into the slots area.

Slots

Walk along the slots and fight the hostess shadows along the way. At the end of the hall, take a left and go up the stairs. Fallow the path until you reach a very fancy room. Walk right and unlock a shortcut for yourself.

Return to the stairwell and take the door in the center of the room. You will now be in the room with the big slots. Approach the gigantic slot machine in the middle of the room and examine it.

From here, head up the left stairs and observe the middle wall. (You can climb it from the left side.) Doing so will net you a chest.

Follow along the back area until you reach the exclamation point. Reach the terminal the same way you reached the chest. Futaba will examine it and tell you that you need to find two new terminals. The instructions she gives you can be a little confusing. Leave this room in search of the red and green terminals.

Head right down the hallway with the pacing enemy. Go through the door and climb to your left to reach some treasure …

and also the green terminal. It is located directly behind the chest.

The following is IGN's walkthrough for the sixth Palace in Persona 5, Niijima's Casino.

You can start freely infiltrating this Palace starting 10/ However, you cannot send the calling card until 11/18 due to major story factors. Make sure you are fully ready to go before then.

You can obtain the following Personas in this Palace: Ose (Fool), Rangda (Magician), Queen Mab (Magician), Kikuri-Hime (Priestess), Unicorn (Hierophant), Kushinada (Lovers), Power (Justice), Kumbhanda (Hermit), Norn (Fortune), Valkyrie (Strength), Orlov (Strength), Ganesha (Sun)

Infiltration

You cannot complete this Palace in one day as you have to leave once due to story reasons. With all the circumstances accounted for, you must enter no later than 11/16 so that you can leave and return on 11/17 and then send the calling card on 11/

Casino Entrance

Enter the casino just as you did the first time by jumping up onto the roof via the fire escape and then entering through the door found there.

Main Floor

Go across the ceiling's decorations and make your way to where you fought the Shadow the previous time you were in there. This time, though, make sure to get the safe room at the south of the area.

Head up the stairs on the same side of the room as the safe room and you'll find a door to the west. Head on through into the next area.

Staff Passageway

Once you're in the new area, head down the hall and follow the turns it takes towards a set of stairs. At the bottom, you'll be able to go left or right. There is a chest to the right but your destination is to the left.

Continue to the west and climb over the generators when the path goes south. As you follow it along, you'll soon come to a barred door that requires a keycard to open. Go past it and then past the stairs as well to get to a safe room for this area.

You'll now have two choices: Either go face the powerful Shadow at the top of the stairs you just passed head on or sneak around behind it. To sneak by it, you need to only go to the north and climb up the green crates. At the top, you'll find a vent you can crawl through. You can always go back and take on the Shadow at a later point if you so wish. Additionally, if you take on the Shadow by going through the doors behind it, you can ambush it! You need to defeat this Shadow to progress in the Palace.

The Shadow becomes two Queen Mabs. Both use Fire and Electric attacks but are weak to Wind. Defeat the Shadows and you'll get a Security Keycard that can be used to unlock doors like the one from before.

If you just beat the Shadow, head through the door behind where it was and then through the other door in that room. In the next hallway, go straight into the locked door directly across from you. Inside, you'll find a vent that you can crawl through. Go through and into the next room and take on the powerful Shadow inside.

The Shadow will be a Ganesha, so it's weak to Psychic attacks. Defeating it will give you a Member's Card. You can now go up the elevator Sae went up. Futaba will register two cards, though you'll only take one since her first name was too obviously fake. You will also get a map of the area.

Head out of the room via the air duct that Ryuji pointed out and then through the door in that room. Take the stairs up to the east and you'll be able to get back into the Main Hall by following the path. It will take you east, south, and then east again to a door that leads into the Main Hall.

Main Hall

In the Main Hall, make your way back to the elevator and head up to the Members Floor.

Members Floor Lobby

Upon exiting the elevator, you will be immediately confronted by Shadow Sae. She's much bolder than your past Palace rulers.

To head up to higher floors, you need a higher level card. Start by speaking to the Shadow dealer behind the glass directly across from the elevator. She will tell you about what you need to know, including how to get a higher level card. You will get 1, playing chips and a map of the area from the dealer. You will need 50, coins to get a high limit floor card. Make sure you save in the safe room!

To start earning coins, head through the door to the south-east to go to the dice game area.

Dice Game Area

Head in and find a room you want to play in. The rules are fairly simple, so start betting. It doesn't matter what you choose, though. You're going to lose. As Akechi suggested, the games are all rigged, so you can't win. Play a few games and test out a few rooms and Akechi will pull you aside to confirm that the games are rigged. You'll need to change that.

Head north from where you entered and you'll see a small vent in the wall that you can crawl through. Go through and progress further when opted to.

Staff Passageway

You'll be in another passageway meant for the staff of the casino. Follow the path until you have the option to go up a staircase or down a hall to the west. The path to the west will lead to a chest, but you'll want to go up the staircase to progress.

Head across the walkway and then down the stairs at the end of it. Continue until you reach a split that leads to a staircase to the east and a path to the west. There's a safe room to the west that you might want to go to so that you can save. The path to either staircase will lead to a searchable object with a Treasure Demon called Orlov (Strength) inside of it.

From the safe room, head south and around to the west towards the door to the north. There's a chest inside the barred room that you'll pass that can be accessed by crawling through a vent on the wall north of it.

Head through the door at the end of the hallway and you'll enter a hidden part of the dice game area.

Dice Game Area

Directly ahead of you will be a Shadow that you need to take down. Doing so will allow you to hijack that system so that one of the rooms always plays into your favour.

The Shadow you'll face called a Wandering Reviver will reflect Curse but is weak to Bless and Wind skills, so bring in Akechi into this fight. It will try to brainwash your team, so be careful. The Shadow itself isn't very difficult, though.

Head out of the room and south to the barred doors that you can now open. Futaba has marked the room you want to go to on your map, so head over there to quickly earn a lot of coins. Always pick "Between 11 and 18," so that you can get lucky with triple sixes.

After a few games, head out of the area back to the lobby and let Skull and Crow handle the rest.

Members Floor Lobby

Save in the safe room and consider buying some of the lesser prizes from the dealer. They've very worthwhile and you'll earn more than enough coins in the upcoming section to buy the High Limit Floor card.

When you're ready, head through the south-west door in the lobby to go to the slot machine area.

Slot Room

Unfortunately, you'll have to fight right away upon entering the next area. You'll face off against two Shadow versions of Kumbhanda (Hermit) called Life-draining Spirit. They reflect Curse, Absorb Fire, and will try to enrage your team, so be careful. Even still, they are very weak and enraging members of their team can very easily be their downfall. It's also weak to Ice.

After the Shadows are defeated, look at the red monitor to the left to mark it on your map and then head into the slot room. There are a lot of machines, but don't bother with them. Head down the path until you reach a set of stairs and go up them. Once again, follow the path and head down the stairs at the end of it and through the door directly across from where you walk down to.

This next room will have a massive slot machine that gives out a 50, coin prize as a jackpot! Head up to the machine and interact with it. Then, head around to the other side of the machine and climb up the low north wall by it so that you can access its terminal. It'll be marked by ! on your map.

Futaba will tell you that you need to access red and green terminals nearby to hack into the massive slot machine.

• Green: This one can be found by going to the previous room and heading south from where you enter into it. Head down that path and through the door. There will be crates you can climb over to the north. Behind them will be a chest and this terminal.
• Red: This one is hidden in plain sight. Head back to the entrance of the Slot Room from where you entered from the Members Floor Lobby. Slowly make your way into the slot room and you'll see this terminal on the wall to the south (left).

Once you've gotten both terminals, head back to the massive slot machine and give it a spin! Once you've got your 50, coins, head back to the dealer in the lobby to buy the High Limit Card.

Members Floor Lobby

Buy the card from the dealer and you'll then have to face off against a strong Shadow. The Final Measurer, also known as Norn (Fortune), has no weakness and resists almost everything except Electric, Psychic, Physical, and Nuclear. Though it's formidable, it should be no match for you, especially if you have strong physical attacks or ones with high critical hit rates.

You will automatically go to the elevator next so that you can go up to the High Limit Floor.

High Limit Floor

Unfortunately, having the card isn't enough. Sae hasn't accepted you into her cognition of the courthouse, so you can't progress further unless she sees you in court. You will have to leave and sit in on one of her hearings so that she can see you in the courthouse.

Go to Court

The goal here is simply to be seen by Prosecutor Niijima. After she sees you all, you'll head straight back into the Palace.

Infiltration, Cont.

Head back up to the High Limit Floor when you're ready.

High Limit Lobby

Start off by talking to the dealer behind the counter about the games on this floor. You will get a gift of 1, coins and a map of the area as well as some intel on how to get to the Manager's Floor.

Head up and around to the door you were told about to check out the path beyond. You'll quickly see that the bridge is a scale and that it costs a great deal to move it. Check out the machine by it and it will tell you that you need , coins to move the bridge. The prices of this cognition most likely represent the massive costs of the legal system and how those without money cannot afford to defend themselves.

There are two "games" on this floor. The first is a dark maze called The House of Darkness and the second is a battle arena. Both are much more difficult than the previous floor's games and require skill over luck, but their payout is much greater. Before doing either, make sure to get the safe room on this floor!

House of Darkness

You must do this game first. It costs 1, coins to enter. Inside the labyrinth are a lot of Shadows and no visibility, so prepare for a lot of fighting. Get the safe room before heading in. It is the longer of the two games.

What makes this all the more difficult is that you have no map, either. The trick to any maze is to stick to one wall as it will eventually take you to the exit, so be sure to do that if you get lost at some point. Additionally, use your Third Eye ability to get slightly better sight while exploring.

Start by heading around to the east and following the path along. For now, it's linear so you should be fine. Eventually, you'll get into a more open area and there will be lost people in it. Search around for the door and you'll find out that it's locked, hence all the stranded people. However, there's a duct to the left of it that you can crawl through. Do so to progress.

Hop down into the next room and you'll now have to decide between a path to the south right near where you land and a path to the south-east. The path closest to where you land will simply lead to a treasure chest. The path further along to the south-east will take you onwards.

The path to the south-east will lead you to a door while the path continues on. There's a chest behind the door, so grab it before continuing on.

Right when you go past the door, past the blue flashing square that you walk through, there will be a split in the path. The path straight/to the left will lead you to the exit while the path to the right will lead you to treasure.

If you choose to go towards the exit, you'll know you're going the right way when you head through two doors and then come across a ramp with yellow lights. Climb onto the ramp and go through the duct at the top of it. It'll be hard to navigate since it's pitch black, but it's not a long tunnel. You'll go left and then right. Looking backwards can help.

In this next room, there will be a door to the left/west and a door to the north. The door to the left is the exit but the door to the north will take you down two paths, one that goes to treasure and one that opens the locked door near the entrance from before.

Once in the room that is lit, head through the door on the west wall.

After a short dialogue between the Phantom Thieves and the game's host, head through the duct on the south wall.

Upon reaching the other side, you can go unlock the door that you previously weren't able to go. Otherwise, continue down the path, head down the stairs, and up to the other side to get to the door. The crates you can climb are simply a slightly alternate route to the same door.

Once through the door, hit the switch to remove the card block from the hall. Head through the door at the end of the hall and you'll see a safe room and the Shadow. When you're ready, fight the Shadow to get your prize.

The Shadow takes the form of a Snake King and uses Electric attacks, so keep Mona safe. It's a tougher fight than the previous enemies you've faced and has no weaknesses that we were able to find (let us know if there is one!), so keep a healer on your team for this fight.

When it's defeated and you're ready, head back to the High Limit Lobby.

High Limit Lobby

When you're back in the lobby, be sure to save in the safe room and heal up before heading to the Battle Arena.

Battle Arena

There is also a safe room in this area, so be sure to get it after speaking to the first Shadow. You have to do this game second as it costs 10, coins for an entry fee. The payout, however, is ,

When you're ready, speak to the receptionist and sign up for the arena. Only Joker will be going into the fights, so prepare well. The fights will be easier than normal ones at first, but they will get progressively harder. We highly recommend you bring the PersonaRangda (Magician) into the Arena as well as something with an Electric resistance or better. Rangda can be found in the House of Darkness.

Fight 1

Right from the start, they'll cheat. You'll be facing two Shadows rather than just one. Both will be based off the Persona Ganesha (Sun) but will be called Auspicious Pachyderm and are weak to Psychic. However, if you have Rangda (Magician), they'll be helpless against you and you can take them down with melee attacks alone.

Since this is only the first fight, the enemies will sometimes not attack you. If you have Rangda, enable Rush mode and you'll get through it quickly enough. They can only use physical moves and will kill themselves off of your Rangda's reflect.

Fight 2

Up next will be three Rangdas/Dancing Witches (Magician). They reflect Physical and Ranged attacks but are weak to Electricity and Bless skills. They have very low health (~ each), so taking them down should be no issue for you, even with damage items if needed.

Fight 3

Your final fight will be against Thor himself, also known as Thunder Emperor. It uses physical attacks and Electric attacks, so if you're using Rangda, you'll need to switch about every other turn. If it Charges, prepare for Megaton Raid, a severe Physical skill by either equipping Rangda (or something like it) or blocking the turn after it charges as it will wait for one extra turn.

If it Concentrates, equip a Persona with an Electric resistance (or better) as it's about to use Ziodyne, a heavy Electric skill. Just like before, it will wait a turn after using Concentrate before attacking you.

The Thunder Emperor is also weak to Psychic skills.

High Limit Lobby

Once you've done your three fights, you'll collect your reward and you can go to the bridge!

After a brief cutscene, deposit your coins to lower the bridge. Cross the bridge of scales and you'll find out where Sae's treasure is and have your Infiltration Route secured!

However, since you have 10, chips left to spend, it's best not to let them go to waste. You can go to the stores on both the Member's and High Limit Floors and purchase all of the rare items they have including a Soma.

Sending the Calling Card! - 11/18

This time, things are a little different. You cannot send the calling card any day except 11/ This will be done automatically during the story.

This guide will continue here, but you may also continue it on the page for November

Send Sae Niijima her calling card and wait for your opportunity to strike at her heart!

Steal Niijima's Heart! - 11/19

Make your way into the Palace and up to where the treasure was. Since it's no longer there, you'll need to go up the stairs in the treasure room and up the lift to face off against Shadow Sae.

Fight! Play! win!

To start, attack Sae until she starts up the roulette table with her Roulette Time ability. However, she will then warn you that violence will no longer be tolerated. Do not attack her during the spinning of the table or she'll take away whatever the "bet" is noted as. At the start, it will be your health. Simply guard until you are prompted to do otherwise.

You will then be asked to bet. For this first bet, it does not matter as the game is rigged in Sae's favour. You'll need to expose that. In short for the betting, a risky bet will have you bet in favour of one-third of the numbers and will take or give more of a reward while a safe bet will have you bet in favour of half of the numbers while yielding a lower payout. For this first bet, pick a low bet so you don't lose as much.

Did you catch that? You should have won, but something stopped the ball from landing in the pocket. It had a shine to it, so it was most likely a glass lid! Point that out and you'll be able to send someone to break the glass on your next bet.

Once again, guard until you're asked to bet. This time, bet for a higher payout as you're guaranteed to win if you sent someone to shoot the lid. It does not matter how you bet, you'll win regardless.

Fight! Fight! Fight!

Shadow Niijima has taken her true combat form! Now the real fight begins. Overall, Shadow Niijima isn't very difficult of a fight, but it's the roulette table the might hinder you.

She'll use the following attacks:

• Roulette Time: Spins the roulette table.
• Gatling Gun: Heavy Gun attack against the whole party.
• Makarakarn: A single-use reflective shield against magic attacks.
• Megidola: Heavy Almighty attack that hits the whole team.
• Slaps: Single target Physical attack with a chance of causing Dizzy.
• Severing Slash: Heavy Physical attack on one target.
• Heat Riser: All stats up.
• Desperation: Attack increases greatly, Defense drops greatly.
• Berserk Dance: An Almighty skill that hits your whole team.

When you get her down between one-quarter and one-third of her health and then down between half health and two-thirds, she'll use Roulette Time to spin the roulette table. Once again, do not attack her when the table is spinning unless you are willing to lose all but one of your health. The roulette is random this time.

When she uses Desperation, guard! She's about to use her Berserk Dance. Even when guarding, it's a powerful enough attack to take all the health of weaker teammates.

The Aftermath

Makoto gets to speak with her sister's Shadow-self and you get to rank up with the JusticeConfidant, but things are about to get worse.

The whole place is surrounded! Somehow, someone brought an entire police force into the Metaverse to arrest the Phantom Thieves! There's no other way

You must go it alone.

Just like the beginning of the game, you need to race through the casino to make your escape, but you already know the outcome of your attempts.

Whether or not he was with you when you started to run, he's with you now: Arsene! Fight alongside your original Persona until you get arrested.

Confess to your crimes.

To continue, go to November 20 in the walkthrough.

In This Guide

Facility which houses and accommodates certain types of gambling activities

This article is about establishments for gambling. For other uses, see Casino (disambiguation).

"Gambling house" redirects here. For the film, see Gambling House (film).

A casino is a facility for certain types of gambling. Casinos are often built near or combined with hotels, resorts, restaurants, retail shops, cruise ships, and other tourist attractions. Some casinos are also known for hosting live entertainment, such as stand-up comedy, concerts, and sports.

Etymology and usage

Casino is of Italian origin; the root casa means a house. The term casino may mean a small country villa, summerhouse, or social club.^[1] During the 19th century, casino came to include other public buildings where pleasurable activities took place; such edifices were usually built on the grounds of a larger Italian villa or palazzo, and were used to host civic town functions, including dancing, gambling, music listening, and sports. Examples in Italy include Villa Farnese and Villa Giulia, and in the US the Newport Casino in Newport, Rhode Island. In modern-day Italian, a casino is a brothel (also called casa chiusa, literally "closed house"), a mess (confusing situation), or a noisy environment; a gaming house is spelt casinò, with an accent.^[2][1][3]

Not all casinos are used for gaming. The Catalina Casino, on Santa Catalina Island, California, has never been used for traditional games of chance, which were already outlawed in California by the time it was built.^[4] The Copenhagen Casino was a Danish theatre which also held public meetings during the Revolution, which made Denmark a constitutional monarchy.^[5]

In military and non-military usage, a casino (Spanish) or Kasino (German) is an officers' mess.

History of gambling houses

The precise origin of gambling is unknown. It is generally believed that gambling in some form or another has been seen in almost every society in history. From Ancient Mesopotamia, Greeks and Romans to Napoleon's France and Elizabethan England, much of history is filled with stories of entertainment based on games of chance.

The first known European gambling house, not called a casino although meeting the modern definition, was the Ridotto, established in Venice, Italy, in by the Great Council of Venice to provide controlled gambling during the carnival season. It was closed in as the city government felt it was impoverishing the local gentry.^[6]

In American history, early gambling establishments were known as saloons. The creation and importance of saloons was greatly influenced by four major cities: New Orleans, St. Louis, Chicago and San Francisco. It was in the saloons that travelers could find people to talk to, drink with, and often gamble with. During the early 20th century in the US, gambling was outlawed by state legislation. However, in , gambling was legalized throughout the state of Nevada, where the US's first legalized casinos were set up. In New Jersey allowed gambling in Atlantic City, now the US's second largest gambling city.^[7]

Gambling in casinos

Most jurisdictions worldwide have a minimum gambling age of 18 to ^[8]

Customers gamble by playing games of chance, in some cases with an element of skill, such as craps, roulette, baccarat, blackjack, and video poker. Most games have mathematically determined odds that ensure the house has at all times an advantage over the players. This can be expressed more precisely by the notion of expected value, which is uniformly negative (from the player's perspective). This advantage is called the house edge. In games such as poker where players play against each other, the house takes a commission called the rake. Casinos sometimes give out complimentary items or comps to gamblers.

Payout is the percentage of funds ("winnings") returned to players.

Casinos in the United States say that a player staking money won from the casino is playing with the house's money.

Video Lottery Machines (slot machines) have become one of the most popular forms of gambling in casinos. As of ^[update] investigative reports have started calling into question whether the modern-day slot-machine is addictive.^[9]

Design

Casino design—regarded as a psychological exercise—is an intricate process that involves optimising floor plan, décor and atmospherics to encourage gambling.^[10]

Factors influencing gambling tendencies include sound, odour and lighting. Natasha Dow Schüll, an anthropologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, highlights the decision of the audio directors at Silicon Gaming to make its slot machines resonate in "the universally pleasant tone of C, sampling existing casino soundscapes to create a sound that would please but not clash".^[11]

Alan Hirsch, founder of the Smell & Taste Treatment and Research Foundation in Chicago, studied the impact of certain scents on gamblers, discerning that a pleasant albeit unidentifiable odor released by Las Vegas slot machines generated about 50% more in daily revenue. He suggested that the scent acted as an aphrodisiac, causing a more aggressive form of gambling.^[12]

Markets

The following lists major casino markets in the world with casino revenue of over US$1 billion as published in PricewaterhouseCoopers's report on the outlook for the global casino market:^[13]

By region

By markets

By company

According to Bloomberg, accumulated revenue of the biggest casino operator companies worldwide amounted to almost US$55 billion in SJM Holdings Ltd. was the leading company in this field, earning $ bn in , followed by Las Vegas Sands Corp. at $ bn. The third-biggest casino operator company (based on revenue) was Caesars Entertainment, with revenue of US$ bn.^[25]

Significant sites

While there are casinos in many places, a few places have become well known specifically for gambling. Perhaps the place almost defined by its casino is Monte Carlo, but other places are known as gambling centers.

Monte Carlo, Monaco

Main article: Monte Carlo Casino

Monte Carlo Casino, located in Monte Carlo city, in Monaco, is a casino and a tourist attraction.

Monte Carlo Casino has been depicted in many books, including Ben Mezrich's Busting Vegas, where a group of Massachusetts Institute of Technology students beat the casino out of nearly $1 million. This book is based on real people and events; however, many of those events are contested by main character Semyon Dukach.^[26] Monte Carlo Casino has also been featured in multiple James Bond novels and films.

The casino is mentioned in the song "The Man Who Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo" as well as the film of the same name.

Campione d'Italia

Main article: Casinò di Campione

Casinò di Campione is located in the tiny Italian enclave of Campione d'Italia, within Ticino, Switzerland. The casino was founded in as a site to gather information from foreign diplomats during the First World War. Today it is owned by the Italian government, and operated by the municipality. With gambling laws being less strict than in Italy and Switzerland, it is among the most popular gambling destination besides Monte Carlo. The income from the casino is sufficient for the operation of Campione without the imposition of taxes, or obtaining of other revenue.^[27] In , the casino moved into new premises of more than 55, square metres (,&#;sq&#;ft), making it the largest casino in Europe.^[28] The new casino was built alongside the old one, which dated from and has since been demolished.^[27][29]

Malta

The archipelago of Malta is a particularly famous place for casinos, standing out mainly with the historic casino located at the princely residence of Dragonara. Dragonara Palace was built in Its name comes from the Dragonara Point, the peninsula where it is built. On 15 July , the palace opened as a casino.

Macau

Main article: Gambling in Macau

The former Portuguese colony of Macau, a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China since , is a popular destination for visitors who wish to gamble.^[30] This started in Portuguese times, when Macau was popular with visitors from nearby Hong Kong, where gambling was more closely regulated. The Venetian Macao is currently the largest casino in the world. Macau also surpassed Las Vegas as the largest gambling market in the world.^[30]

Germany

Machine-based gaming is only permitted in land-based casinos, restaurants, bars and gaming halls, and only subject to a licence. Online slots are, at the moment, only permitted if they are operated under a Schleswig-Holstein licence. AWPs are governed by federal law – the Trade Regulation Act and the Gaming Ordinance.

Portugal

Main article: Casino Estoril

The Casino Estoril, located in the municipality of Cascais, on the Portuguese Riviera, near Lisbon, is the largest casino in Europe by capacity.

During the World War II, it was reputed to be a gathering point for spies, dispossessed royals, and wartime adventurers; it became an inspiration for Ian Fleming's James Bond novel Casino Royale.

Russia

Main article: Gambling in Russia

There are four legal gaming zones in Russia: "Siberian Coin" (Altay), "Yantarnaya" (Kaliningrad region), "Azov-city" (Rostov region) and "Primorie" (Primorie region).

Singapore

Singapore is an up-and-coming destination for visitors wanting to gamble, although there are currently only two casinos (both foreign owned), in Singapore. The Marina Bay Sands is the most expensive standalone casino in the world, at a price of US$8 billion, and is among the world's ten most expensive buildings. The Resorts World Sentosa has the world's largest oceanarium.

United States

Main article: Gambling in the United States

With currently over 1, casinos, the United States has the largest number of casinos in the world. The number continues to grow steadily as more states seek to legalize casinos. 40 states now^[when?] have some form of casino gambling. Interstate competition, such as gaining tourism, has been a driving factor to continuous legalization.^[31] Relatively small places such as Las Vegas are best known for gambling; larger cities such as Chicago are not defined by their casinos in spite of the large turnover.

The Las Vegas Valley has the largest concentration of casinos in the United States. Based on revenue, Atlantic City, New Jersey, ranks second, and the Chicago region third.

Top American casino markets by revenue ( annual revenues):^[32]

1. Las Vegas Strip $ billion
2. Atlantic City $ billion
3. Chicago region $ billion
4. Baltimore–Washington Metropolitan Area $ billion
5. Mississippi Gulf Coast $ billion
6. New York City $ billion
7. Philadelphia $ billion
8. Detroit $ billion
9. St. Louis $ billion
10. Boulder Strip $ million
11. Reno/Sparks $ million
12. Kansas City $ million
13. The Poconos $ million
14. Lake Charles, Louisiana $ million
15. Black Hawk/Central City $ million
16. Downtown Las Vegas $ million
17. Tunica/Lula $ million
18. Cincinnati $ million
19. Shreveport/Bossier City $ million
20. Pittsburgh/Meadowlands $ million

The Nevada Gaming Control Board divides Clark County, which is coextensive with the Las Vegas metropolitan area, into seven market regions for reporting purposes.

Native American gaming has been responsible for a rise in the number of casinos outside of Las Vegas and Atlantic City.

Vietnam

In Vietnam, the term "casinos" encompasses gambling activities within the country. Unofficially defined, a "casino" typically denotes a well-established and professional gambling establishment that is generally lawful but exclusively caters to foreign players. On the other hand, "gambling houses" or "gambling dens" are smaller, illicit gambling venues.^[33][34]

As of , Vietnam has 9 operating casinos,^[35] including: Đồ Sơn casino (Hải Phòng), Lợi Lai casino, Hoàng Gia casino (Quảng Ninh), Hồng Vận casino (Quảng Ninh), Lào Cai casino (Lào Cai), Silver Shores casino (Đà Nẵng), Hồ Tràm casino (Bà Rịa – Vũng Tàu), Nam Hội An casino (Quảng Nam), Phú Quốc casino in Kien Giang.^[36][37][38]

In a survey conducted by the Vietnamese Institute for Sustainable Regional Development and released on September 30, , it was found that 71% of the respondents held the belief that allowing Vietnamese individuals to access casinos would result in an increase in the number of players. Furthermore, % of the participants expressed the view that engaging in rewarding recreational activities has a positive impact on job opportunities for residents. Additionally, % of the respondents believed that such activities contribute positively to Vietnam's ability to attract investments.^[39]

Security

Main article: Casino security

Given the large amounts of currency handled within a casino, both patrons and staff may be tempted to cheat and steal, in collusion or independently; most casinos have security measures to prevent this. Security cameras located throughout the casino are the most basic measure.

Modern casino security is usually divided between a physical security force and a specialized surveillance department. The physical security force usually patrols the casino and responds to calls for assistance and reports of suspicious or definite criminal activity. A specialized surveillance department operates the casino's closed circuit television system, known in the industry as the eye in the sky. Both of these specialized casino security departments work very closely with each other to ensure the safety of both guests and the casino's assets, and have been quite successful in preventing crime.^[40] Some casinos also have catwalks in the ceiling above the casino floor, which allow surveillance personnel to look directly down, through one way glass, on the activities at the tables and slot machines.

When it opened in , The Mirage was the first casino to use cameras full-time on all table games.^[41]

In addition to cameras and other technological measures, casinos also enforce security through rules of conduct and behavior; for example, players at card games are required to keep the cards they are holding in their hands visible at all times.

Business practices

Over the past few decades, casinos have developed many different marketing techniques for attracting and maintaining loyal patrons. Many casinos use a loyalty rewards program used to track players' spending habits and target their patrons more effectively, by sending mailings with free slot play and other promotions.^[42]Casino Helsinki in Helsinki, Finland, for example, donates all of its profits to charity.^[43][44]

Crime

Casinos have been linked to organised crime, with early casinos in Las Vegas originally dominated by the American Mafia^[45][46] and in Macau by Triad syndicates.^[47][48]

According to some police reports, local incidence of reported crime often doubles or triples within three years of a casino's opening.^[49] In a report by the US Department of Justice, researchers interviewed people who had been arrested in Las Vegas and Des Moines and found that the percentage of problem or pathological gamblers among the arrestees was three to five times higher than in the general population.^[50]

It has been said that economic studies showing a positive relationship between casinos and crime usually fail to consider the visiting population: they count crimes committed by visitors but do not count visitors in the population measure, which overstates the crime rate. Part of the reason this methodology is used, despite the overstatement, is that reliable data on tourist count are often not available.^[51]

Occupational health and safety

Main article: Occupational health and safety in the casino industry

There are unique occupational health issues in the casino industry. The most common are from cancers^[52] resulting from exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke^[53][54] and musculoskeletal injury (MSI)^[55] from repetitive motion injuries while running table games over many hours.^[56]

Gallery

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  Italy's Casinò di Campione, near Lugano, is the largest casino in Europe.^[28]

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  The Empire at Leicester Square in London also includes a casino.

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  The Galaxy Macau at night in Cotai, Macau

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• 
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  The Casino Helsinki at night in Helsinki, Finland

• 
• 
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  The Venetian Macau in the Cotai Strip is the largest casino in the world, owned by Las Vegas Sands.

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  View of the Monte Carlo Casino, Monaco

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  MGM Cotai owned by MGM Resorts International, located in Cotai, Macau

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  Slot machines at the Borgata Hotel Casino & Spa in Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States

See also

Further reading

• Poley, Jared (). Luck, Leisure, and the Casino in Nineteenth-Century Europe: A Cultural History of Gambling. Cambridge University Press.

References

External links